Research by Assistant Professor Jacob S. Suissa at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, is revealing complexity in how ferns have evolved. Instead of the vascular structure inside fern stems ...

There are few forms of the botanical world as readily identifiable as fern leaves. These often large, lacy fronds lend themselves nicely to watercolor paintings and tricep tattoos alike. Thoreau said ...

When leaves shift to the dorsal side of the fern’s stem, a smiley face pattern emerges in the stem’s vascular structure, as seen in this sample of a tobacco fern. Research by Assistant Professor Jacob ...

Land plants evolved 470 million years ago from algae and have since reshaped our world. Throughout their evolution, ferns have undergone a series of changes that have helped them survive on land. For ...

Ferns and fern allies are a paraphyletic assemblage traditionally used in pteridology to group vascular plants that reproduce via spores and lack seeds and flowers, including true ferns (monilophytes) ...

The ferns and their relatives first appear in the fossil record some 360 million years ago in the late Devonian period. They diversified into many of the modern fern families and species during the ...

Elizabeth has worked since 2010 as a writer and consultant covering gardening, permaculture, and sustainable living. She has also written a number of books and e-books on gardens and gardening. During ...

It was an early April morning and Nature was playing tricks on us. The weather had been cold and raw for days, but then suddenly there was a break from the trend. The temperature soared into the high ...